Private-sector transportation companies have announced plans to put on the roads thousands of electric vehicles (EV), which could propel EV adoption in Indonesia by creating demand for a network of charging stations. Management consulting firm McKinsey & Company senior expert Rahul Gupta said ride-hailing, taxi and feet services touched two of three factors that would boost EV adoption in Indonesia, namely higher consumer awareness and demand, as well as a decline in total cost of ownership (TCO). “Firstly, they account for a significant number of vehicles running on the road, and there is a pull from consumers to adopt EV. Secondly, given the high average daily distance that ride-hailing and taxi drivers run, it helps improve the TCO competitiveness with internal combustion engine [ICE] vehicles.